Drug Name:Mannitol
Drug Class:Osmotic diuretic
Mechanism of Action:
  • Increases osmotic pressure of glomerular filtrate
  • Inhibits reabsorption of water and electrolytes in the proximal tubule
  • Increases urine output
Use:
  • Reduces intracranial pressure and cerebral edema
  • Reduces intraocular pressure
  • Prevents acute renal failure in certain conditions
  • Used as a diagnostic aid in measuring glomerular filtration rate
Side Effects:
  • Fluid and electrolyte imbalances
  • Dehydration
  • Hypotension
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
Contraindications:
  • Anuria
  • Severe dehydration
  • Pulmonary congestion or edema
  • Active intracranial bleeding
Specialty:
  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Nephrology